![]() State files should be isolated to reduce the “blast radius”. Usually, state files are very small and can normally fit into the free tier. ![]() They also support versioning so you can roll back to a previous state file should it get corrupted. Remote backend storage such as Azure Storage or Amazon S3 is designed to be highly available. Locking is natively supported the state file will be automatically loaded, and encryption can be used to secure the state file on disk and in transit. ![]() Using a remote backend instead solves these challenges. This could result in an old state file being used and unexpected changes to the infrastructure. Lastly, storing state files in version control can introduce human error, as the latest state file would need to be pulled each time Terraform is run. Secondly, most version control systems do not allow the locking of files, which may cause issues when multiple people attempt to access the file at the same time. To avoid this, for example, in Azure, Azure Key Vault can be referenced. Storing secrets anywhere other than a secure location is never a good idea and definitely should not be put into source control. This is because Terraform state files contain all data in plain text, which may contain secrets. It is not a good idea to store the state file in source control. The example below shows a configuration using a storage account in Azure: You should store your state files remotely, not on your local machine! The location of the remote state file can then be referenced using a backendblock in the terraform block (which is usually in the main.tf file). You can also use a tool such as Spacelift to manage your state for you. Azure Storage accounts or Amazon S3 buckets are an ideal choice. This makes shared storage the perfect candidate to hold the state file. However, when working on Terraform projects in a team, this becomes a problem because multiple people will need to access the state file.Īlso, when using automation and CI/CD pipelines to run Terraform, the state file needs to be accessible, and permission must be given to the service principal running the pipeline to access the storage account container that holds the state file. If you are using Terraform to test or for a personal project, this is fine (as long as your state file is secure and backed up!). State files, by default, are stored in the local directory where Terraform is run. OpenTofu works with your existing Terraform state file, so you won’t have any issues when you are migrating to it. OpenTofu retained all the features and functionalities that had made Terraform popular among developers while also introducing improvements and enhancements. It is a viable alternative to HashiCorp’s Terraform, being forked from Terraform version 1.5.6. OpenTofu is an open-source version of Terraform that will expand on Terraform’s existing concepts and offerings. Note: New versions of Terraform will be placed under the BUSL license, but everything created before version 1.5.x stays open-source. Read more about the elements of Terraform architecture. When Terraform is run, it can then use this mapping to compare infrastructure to the code and make any adjustments as necessary. The actual content of this file is a JSON formatted mapping of the resources defined in the configuration and those that exist in your infrastructure. It is created after running terraform apply. The terraform state file, by default, is named terraform.tfstate and is held in the same directory where Terraform is run. This enables Terraform to know which resources are under its control and when to update and destroy them. Terraform logs information about the resources it has created in a state file.
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